Sustainability Disclosures and Their Integration: Insights from Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Standards

Abstract

The study examines the interrelationships between economic, environmental, and social disclosures in sustainability reports prepared in accordance with the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standards. Using data from 46 companies listed on the Borsa Istanbul (BIST) that published sustainability reports for 2021, the number of disclosures across the three dimensions was analyzed. Pearson correlation and regression analyses were employed to explore relationships between these dimensions and their mutual impacts. The results reveal significant relationships among all three dimensions, with both environmental and social disclosures positively influencing economic disclosures. Companies that prioritized environmental and social aspects in their sustainability reports demonstrated a stronger alignment with economic disclosures, suggesting that a focus on broader sustainability practices can support economic performance. The findings highlight the importance of integrating the three pillars of sustainability for long-term corporate resilience and profitability. Furthermore, the analysis shows that social disclosures were the most frequently reported, followed by environmental and economic disclosures, indicating a potential prioritization of social responsibility initiatives among BIST-listed companies. These results underscore the critical role of comprehensive sustainability reporting in meeting stakeholder expectations and aligning with sustainable development goals. The study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the integration of economic, environmental, and social dimensions in sustainability reports. It offers practical insights for policymakers, corporate managers, and sustainability practitioners on enhancing reporting practices and improving stakeholder communication. Future research is encouraged to explore these relationships across industries and global contexts.